Difference between revisions of "Decode Telemetry and Packets"

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== Introduction ==
 +
 
There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats.  There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.
 
There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats.  There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.
  
== Built-in demodulators ==
+
==Built-in Demodulators ==
 
<p>[[File:SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png]]</p>
 
<p>[[File:SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png]]</p>
  
 
Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:
 
Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:
  
* [[APT]] (Automatic Picture Transmission)
+
*[[APT]] (Automatic Picture Transmission)
* [[AFSK]] 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
+
*[[AFSK]] 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
+
*AX.25 (Amateur Radio adaptation of X.25 packet protocol)
* [[DUV]] (Data Under Voice)
+
*[[CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
* [[GFSK]] 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
+
*[[DUV]] (Data Under Voice)
* [[FSK]] 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
+
*[[GFSK]] 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[LRPT]] (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)
+
*[[FSK]] 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
 +
*[[LRPT]] (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)
  
== SoX - Sound eXchange ==
+
==External Demodulator/Decoders==
 +
If for some reason, the above built-in decoders are not doing enough, there are many [[Satellite specific telemetry decoders]].  Also, there are more generic decoders listed below.
 +
 
 +
==SoX - Sound eXchange==
 
SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).
 
SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).
  
 
SoX supports demodulating the following modes:
 
SoX supports demodulating the following modes:
* [[SoX_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
 
  
=== References ===
+
*[[SoX_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
* Chris Bagwell SoX − Sound eXchange http://sox.sourceforge.net/sox.html
+
 
 +
===References===
 +
 
 +
*Chris Bagwell SoX − Sound eXchange http://sox.sourceforge.net/sox.html
  
== Fldigi in audio playback mode ==
+
==Fldigi in audio playback mode==
 
Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.
 
Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.
  
* [[Fldigi_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
+
*[[Fldigi_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
  
== FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites ==
+
==FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites==
 
[[FoxTelem]] currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:  
 
[[FoxTelem]] currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:  
* AO-85 (Fox-1A)
 
* AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
 
* AO-92 (Fox1-D)
 
* Fox-1Cliff, and
 
* Fox-1E.
 
  
=== References ===
+
*AO-85 (Fox-1A)
* AC2CZ FoxTelem - AMSAT Ground Station Software http://www.g0kla.com/foxtelem/
+
*AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
 +
*AO-92 (Fox1-D)
 +
*Fox-1Cliff, and
 +
*Fox-1E.
  
== multimon-ng ==
+
===References===
 +
 
 +
*AC2CZ FoxTelem - AMSAT Ground Station Software http://www.g0kla.com/foxtelem/
 +
 
 +
==multimon-ng==
  
 
Multimon-ng is a general purpose decoder. It can take wav or raw files and decode
 
Multimon-ng is a general purpose decoder. It can take wav or raw files and decode
 
a variety of modes among which: CW, AFSK, FSK...
 
a variety of modes among which: CW, AFSK, FSK...
  
 +
===How to CW===
 
First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file: <br>
 
First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file: <br>
sox file.ogg -r 22050 file.raw gain 6
+
sox file.ogg -r 22050 file.raw gain 6 <br>
 
 
 
The gain is in dB and has a considerable impact on the decoding
 
The gain is in dB and has a considerable impact on the decoding
 
in the special case of CW. You have to adjust gain to get proper decoding.
 
in the special case of CW. You have to adjust gain to get proper decoding.
Line 53: Line 63:
 
multimon-ng -a MORSE_CW -t raw file.raw
 
multimon-ng -a MORSE_CW -t raw file.raw
  
=== References ===
+
===How to AFSK===
https://github.com/EliasOenal/multimon-ng
+
 
 +
First convert to raw sound file (sampling frequency 22050Hz) using sox <br>
 +
sox -t ogg $file -r 22050 -t raw file.raw $soxopts <br>
 +
 
 +
Then use multimon-ng with AFSK1200 decoder <br>
 +
multimon-ng -t raw -a AFSK1200 $file.raw
 +
 
 +
You can add more decoders if needed with additionnal "-a" options
 +
 
 +
===References===
 +
 
 +
*Elia Oenal  Multimon-ng  https://github.com/EliasOenal/multimon-ng
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Direwolf==
 +
 
 +
Direwolf is a software encoder/decoder for APRS (AX.25). It can take raw files and decode APRS.
 +
 
 +
===How to===
 +
First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file <br>
 +
sox file.ogg -esigned-integer -b 16 -r 48000 file.raw <br>
 +
 
 +
then launch direwolf <br>
 +
direwolf -B 1200 -b 16 -n 1 -r 48000 -q hd -t 0 -q h -q d -d p -d t -a 0 - < file.raw
 +
 
 +
Both commands can be combined with a pipe: <br>
 +
<nowiki>sox -t ogg satnogs_386252_2018-12-29T02-54-45.ogg -esigned-integer -b 16 -r 48000 -t raw - | direwolf -B 1200 -b 16 -n 1 -r 48000 -q hd -t 0 -q h -q d -d p -d t -a 0 -</nowiki><br>
 +
([https://community.libre.space/t/observation-386252-x-cubesat-42707/3093/2 source])
 +
 
 +
==gr-satellites==
 +
GNU Radio decoder for Amateur satellites.
 +
 
 +
https://github.com/daniestevez/gr-satellites
 +
 
 +
SatNOGS gr_satellites combines gr-satellites with the satnogs-client and satnogs-flowgraphs.
 +
 
 +
https://github.com/kng/satnogs_gr-satellites
 +
 
 +
Discussion:
 +
 
 +
https://community.libre.space/t/install-the-satnogs-gr-satellites-addon-and-use-your-station-more/8027
 +
 
 +
==QSSTV==
 +
[http://users.telenet.be/on4qz/qsstv/index.html QSSTV] is a modem software to send and receive SSTV
 +
([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow-scan_television Slow Scan Television]).
 +
 
 +
===Usage===
 +
 
 +
*Download the ogg file and convert it to wav with: <br /> <nowiki>sox satnogs_154162_2018-06-06T12-46-40.ogg output154162.wav rate 48000</nowiki>
 +
 
 +
*Open QSSTV and specify "Sound>Sound Input: from file"
 +
*Press the play button and you will be asked to select the previously generated wav file. The decoding should start now.
 +
 
 +
===References===
 +
Direwolf WB2OSZ  https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf
 +
 
 +
<br />
 +
 
 +
==WXtoImg==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
WXtoImg is a program used to produce neat weather pictures from APT format receptions of NOAA satellites.
 +
 
 +
SatNOGS client produces automatically such weather map. However, if you want to add overlays or test some part of the processing, you can do it manually.
 +
 
 +
It uses a .wav file and produces weather picture with possible nice overlays (frontiers, colors...).
 +
 
 +
===Usage===
 +
 
 +
*Download for example the ogg file from observation #1193773 and convert it to wav with:
 +
 
 +
sox satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.ogg -r 11025 satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.wav
 +
 
 +
*Then invoke command line interface of WXtoIMG with:
 +
 
 +
wxtoimg -t n -e HVC -N satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.wav > satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.png
 +
<br />
 +
 
 +
===References===
 +
WXtoImg restored: https://wxtoimgrestored.xyz/
 +
<br />
 +
 
 +
 
 +
== See also ==
 +
* [[Software]]
 +
* [https://www.satblog.info/software/ Satellite specific telemetry decoders] ( Up to Date German)
 +
* [https://www.dk3wn.info/wp/digital/ digital telemetry decoders] (German)
 +
* [https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs#adding-a-new-satellite-demodulator gr-satnogs Adding a New Satellite]
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Operate]]
 +
[[Category:Software]]
 +
[[Category:RF Modes]]
 +
[[Category:Develop]]
 +
[[Category:Telemetry]]
  
== Scholarly Articles ==
+
__NOEDITSECTION__

Latest revision as of 01:51, 29 July 2022

Introduction

There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats. There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.

Built-in Demodulators

SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png

Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:

  • APT (Automatic Picture Transmission)
  • AFSK 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
  • AX.25 (Amateur Radio adaptation of X.25 packet protocol)
  • CW (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
  • DUV (Data Under Voice)
  • GFSK 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
  • FSK 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
  • LRPT (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)

External Demodulator/Decoders

If for some reason, the above built-in decoders are not doing enough, there are many Satellite specific telemetry decoders. Also, there are more generic decoders listed below.

SoX - Sound eXchange

SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).

SoX supports demodulating the following modes:

  • CW (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

References

Fldigi in audio playback mode

Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.

  • CW (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites

FoxTelem currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:

  • AO-85 (Fox-1A)
  • AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
  • AO-92 (Fox1-D)
  • Fox-1Cliff, and
  • Fox-1E.

References

multimon-ng

Multimon-ng is a general purpose decoder. It can take wav or raw files and decode a variety of modes among which: CW, AFSK, FSK...

How to CW

First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file:
sox file.ogg -r 22050 file.raw gain 6
The gain is in dB and has a considerable impact on the decoding in the special case of CW. You have to adjust gain to get proper decoding.

Then you must apply on the raw file the proper decoder:
multimon-ng -a MORSE_CW -t raw file.raw

How to AFSK

First convert to raw sound file (sampling frequency 22050Hz) using sox
sox -t ogg $file -r 22050 -t raw file.raw $soxopts

Then use multimon-ng with AFSK1200 decoder
multimon-ng -t raw -a AFSK1200 $file.raw

You can add more decoders if needed with additionnal "-a" options

References


Direwolf

Direwolf is a software encoder/decoder for APRS (AX.25). It can take raw files and decode APRS.

How to

First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file
sox file.ogg -esigned-integer -b 16 -r 48000 file.raw

then launch direwolf
direwolf -B 1200 -b 16 -n 1 -r 48000 -q hd -t 0 -q h -q d -d p -d t -a 0 - < file.raw

Both commands can be combined with a pipe:
sox -t ogg satnogs_386252_2018-12-29T02-54-45.ogg -esigned-integer -b 16 -r 48000 -t raw - | direwolf -B 1200 -b 16 -n 1 -r 48000 -q hd -t 0 -q h -q d -d p -d t -a 0 -
(source)

gr-satellites

GNU Radio decoder for Amateur satellites.

https://github.com/daniestevez/gr-satellites

SatNOGS gr_satellites combines gr-satellites with the satnogs-client and satnogs-flowgraphs.

https://github.com/kng/satnogs_gr-satellites

Discussion:

https://community.libre.space/t/install-the-satnogs-gr-satellites-addon-and-use-your-station-more/8027

QSSTV

QSSTV is a modem software to send and receive SSTV (Slow Scan Television).

Usage

  • Download the ogg file and convert it to wav with:
    sox satnogs_154162_2018-06-06T12-46-40.ogg output154162.wav rate 48000
  • Open QSSTV and specify "Sound>Sound Input: from file"
  • Press the play button and you will be asked to select the previously generated wav file. The decoding should start now.

References

Direwolf WB2OSZ https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf


WXtoImg

WXtoImg is a program used to produce neat weather pictures from APT format receptions of NOAA satellites.

SatNOGS client produces automatically such weather map. However, if you want to add overlays or test some part of the processing, you can do it manually.

It uses a .wav file and produces weather picture with possible nice overlays (frontiers, colors...).

Usage

  • Download for example the ogg file from observation #1193773 and convert it to wav with:

sox satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.ogg -r 11025 satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.wav

  • Then invoke command line interface of WXtoIMG with:

wxtoimg -t n -e HVC -N satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.wav > satnogs/satnogs_1193773_2019-11-12T07-13-50.png

References

WXtoImg restored: https://wxtoimgrestored.xyz/


See also