SatNOGS Wiki - User contributions [en]

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-18T18:30:47Z

WA4OSH: /* Advanced Software Defined Radios */ Added supported SDRs

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

=== Advanced Software Defined Radios ===
The following advanced SDRs are supported by SatNOGS. These may require more processing power than a Raspberry Pi 3b can offer.
* USRP b200
* USRP2
* Airspy
* HackRF One

=== References ===
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/ Review of 5 RTL-SDR Dongles]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/ 19 RTL-SDR Dongles Reviewed]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/ Review: Airspy VS. SDRplay RSP VS. HackRF]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Audio Editing Tools

2018-06-17T01:59:15Z

WA4OSH:

These FREE audio processing programs are available for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux and other operating systems.
* '''Audacity''' is an easy-to-use, multi-track audio editor and recorder [https://www.audacityteam.org/ Audacity]
* '''Sonic Visiualizer''' is a program for viewing and analyzing the contents of audio files. [https://www.sonicvisualiser.org/ Sonic Visualizer]

Audio Editing Tools

2018-06-17T01:58:55Z

WA4OSH:

Audio Editing Tools

2018-06-17T01:58:32Z

WA4OSH: Added links

These FREE audio processing programs are available for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux and other operating systems.
* '''Audacity''' is an easy-to-use, multi-track audio editor and recorder [https://www.audacityteam.org/ Audacity]
* '''Sonic Visiualizer''' is a program for viewing and analyzing the contents of audio files. https://www.sonicvisualiser.org/ Sonic Visualizer]]

Main Page

2018-06-17T01:49:00Z

WA4OSH: added a link to new article

__NOTOC__
SatNOGS is an integral part of the [https://libre.space Libre Space Foundation]. The project aims to build a global network of satellite ground stations. Designed as an open source participatory project, the hardware is straightforward to build using commonly available parts and some 3D printed elements. A ground station is built to interact with a website that holds key satellite information. The web interface allows a user to schedule a satellite observation of any of the networked ground stations.
Here you can find more information on how to get started with SatNOGS, building and operating a satellite ground station and joining the SatNOGS Network.
A SatNOGS ground station can be made in a variety of ways. The reference design uses a Raspberry Pi and RTL-SDR dongle with either stationary antennas, or a rotator (either a SatNOGS rotator or a commercial amateur radio rotator). It is also possible to use amateur radio transceivers or alternative SDR technology.

The image below illustrates the system:
[[File:Satnogs_imagemap.png|center]]
<div style="border-radius: 3px; width: 16%; height: 300px; background-color: #f6f6f6; float: left; display: block; margin: 1.5%; border: 1px solid #A7D7F9; text-align: center; padding: 2.5%; padding-top: 0px;">
__NOTOC__
<h2>What is SatNOGS</h2>
[[Intro|Intro to SatNOGS]]
[[Ground Stations|Intro to ground stations]]
[[Glossary]]
</div>
<div style="border-radius: 3px; width: 16%; height: 300px; background-color: #f6f6f6; float: left; display: block; margin: 1.5%; border: 1px solid #A7D7F9; text-align: center; padding: 2.5%; padding-top: 0px;">
<h2>Build</h2>
[[Get_Started|Learn how to get started]]
[[Build|Build a ground station]]
[[Rotators|Rotators]]
[[Antennas|Antennas]]
[[Radio|Signal Reception]]
</div>
<div style="border-radius: 3px; width: 16%; height: 300px; background-color: #f6f6f6; float: left; display: block; margin: 1.5%; border: 1px solid #A7D7F9; text-align: center; padding: 2.5%; padding-top: 0px;">
<h2>Operate</h2>
[[Network|SatNOGS Network]]
[[Operation|Scheduling your first observation and operating your station]]
[[Adjusting the SatNOGS Client|Tuning and adjusting your station]]
[[Satnogs DB]]
[[Decode Telemetry and Packets]]
[[Audio Editing Tools]]
 
</div>
<div style="border-radius: 3px; width: 16%; height: 300px; background-color: #f6f6f6; float: left; display: block; margin: 1.5%; border: 1px solid #A7D7F9; text-align: center; padding: 2.5%; padding-top: 0px;">
<h2>Contribute</h2>
[[Software contribution]]
[[Provide documentation]]
[[Satnogs DB]]
[[Troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]
[[Get_In_Touch|Get in touch and ask for help]]
 
</div>

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T22:13:35Z

WA4OSH: /* References */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

=== Advanced Software Defined Radios ===
(under construction)

=== References ===
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/ Review of 5 RTL-SDR Dongles]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/ 19 RTL-SDR Dongles Reviewed]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/ Review: Airspy VS. SDRplay RSP VS. HackRF]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Linux Desktop

2018-06-16T21:59:00Z

WA4OSH: /* Install gr-satnogs */

'''This article to create a Linux Desktop client is not currently working. Use it as a hints and kinks rather than a cookbook.'''

Here you will find instructions on installing SatNOGS to a Linux Desktop running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

== Prep Work ==

Install dependencies

<pre>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev supervisor cmake libusb-1.0-0-dev libhamlib-utils vorbis-tools software-properties-common unzip
</pre>

Install gnuradio libs from myriadrf since we need a newer version than Ubuntu provides for 16.04

<pre>
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove libgnuradio*
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/drivers
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/gnuradio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gnuradio-dev libboost-dev libnova-dev libpng-dev
</pre>

== Install gr-satnogs ==

Grab the latest gr-satnogs debian package, unpack it, and install the appropriate deb file:
<pre>
wget -O archive.zip https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs-package/-/jobs/35403119/artifacts/download (broken link here)
unzip archive.zip -d gr-satnogs
</pre>

== Install satnogs client ==
<pre>
pip install satnogsclient
</pre>

Linux Desktop

2018-06-16T21:58:19Z

WA4OSH: /* Install gr-satnogs */

'''This article to create a Linux Desktop client is not currently working. Use it as a hints and kinks rather than a cookbook.'''

Here you will find instructions on installing SatNOGS to a Linux Desktop running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

== Prep Work ==

Install dependencies

<pre>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev supervisor cmake libusb-1.0-0-dev libhamlib-utils vorbis-tools software-properties-common unzip
</pre>

Install gnuradio libs from myriadrf since we need a newer version than Ubuntu provides for 16.04

<pre>
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove libgnuradio*
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/drivers
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/gnuradio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gnuradio-dev libboost-dev libnova-dev libpng-dev
</pre>

== Install gr-satnogs ==

Grab the latest gr-satnogs debian package, unpack it, and install the appropriate deb file:
<pre>
wget -O archive.zip https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs-package/-/jobs/35403119/artifacts/download '''broken link here'''
unzip archive.zip -d gr-satnogs
</pre>

== Install satnogs client ==
<pre>
pip install satnogsclient
</pre>

Linux Desktop

2018-06-16T21:57:47Z

WA4OSH: /* Install gr-satnogs */

'''This article to create a Linux Desktop client is not currently working. Use it as a hints and kinks rather than a cookbook.'''

Here you will find instructions on installing SatNOGS to a Linux Desktop running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

== Prep Work ==

Install dependencies

<pre>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev supervisor cmake libusb-1.0-0-dev libhamlib-utils vorbis-tools software-properties-common unzip
</pre>

Install gnuradio libs from myriadrf since we need a newer version than Ubuntu provides for 16.04

<pre>
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove libgnuradio*
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/drivers
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/gnuradio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gnuradio-dev libboost-dev libnova-dev libpng-dev
</pre>

== Install gr-satnogs ==

Grab the latest gr-satnogs debian package, unpack it, and install the appropriate deb file:
<pre>
wget -O archive.zip https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs-package/-/jobs/35403119/artifacts/download ''broken link here'''
unzip archive.zip -d gr-satnogs
</pre>

== Install satnogs client ==
<pre>
pip install satnogsclient
</pre>

Linux Desktop

2018-06-16T21:57:07Z

WA4OSH: /* Install satnogs client */

'''This article to create a Linux Desktop client is not currently working. Use it as a hints and kinks rather than a cookbook.'''

Here you will find instructions on installing SatNOGS to a Linux Desktop running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

== Prep Work ==

Install dependencies

<pre>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev supervisor cmake libusb-1.0-0-dev libhamlib-utils vorbis-tools software-properties-common unzip
</pre>

Install gnuradio libs from myriadrf since we need a newer version than Ubuntu provides for 16.04

<pre>
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove libgnuradio*
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/drivers
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/gnuradio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gnuradio-dev libboost-dev libnova-dev libpng-dev
</pre>

== Install gr-satnogs ==

Grab the latest gr-satnogs debian package, unpack it, and install the appropriate deb file:
<pre>
wget -O archive.zip https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs-package/-/jobs/35403119/artifacts/download
unzip archive.zip -d gr-satnogs
</pre>

== Install satnogs client ==
<pre>
pip install satnogsclient
</pre>

Linux Desktop

2018-06-16T21:56:23Z

WA4OSH: Linux Desktop currently does not work. Needs a fix.

'''This article to create a Linux Desktop client is not currently working. Use it as a hints and kinks rather than a cookbook.'''

Here you will find instructions on installing SatNOGS to a Linux Desktop running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

== Prep Work ==

Install dependencies

<pre>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev supervisor cmake libusb-1.0-0-dev libhamlib-utils vorbis-tools software-properties-common unzip
</pre>

Install gnuradio libs from myriadrf since we need a newer version than Ubuntu provides for 16.04

<pre>
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove libgnuradio*
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/drivers
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:myriadrf/gnuradio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gnuradio-dev libboost-dev libnova-dev libpng-dev
</pre>

== Install gr-satnogs ==

Grab the latest gr-satnogs debian package, unpack it, and install the appropriate deb file:
<pre>
wget -O archive.zip https://gitlab.com/librespacefoundation/satnogs/gr-satnogs-package/-/jobs/35403119/artifacts/download
unzip archive.zip -d gr-satnogs
</pre>

== Install satnogs client ==
pip install satnogsclient

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:30:06Z

WA4OSH: /* References */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

=== Advanced Software Defined Radios ===
(under construction)

=== References ===
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/ Review of 5 RTL-SDR Dongles]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/ 19 RTL-SDR Dongles Reviewed]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/ REVIEW: Airspy VS. SDRplay RSP VS. HackRF]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:29:41Z

WA4OSH: /* References */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

=== Advanced Software Defined Radios ===
(under construction)

== References ==
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/ Review of 5 RTL-SDR Dongles]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/ 19 RTL-SDR Dongles Reviewed]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/ REVIEW: Airspy VS. SDRplay RSP VS. HackRF]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:26:55Z

WA4OSH: /* Advanced Software Defined Radios */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

=== Advanced Software Defined Radios ===
(under construction)

==References==
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:26:30Z

WA4OSH: /* Software Defined Radio (SDR) */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios ===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

== Advanced Software Defined Radios ==
(under construction)

==References==
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:25:51Z

WA4OSH: /* RTL-SDR */

==Software Defined Radio (SDR)==
SatNOGS can use a variety of SDRs. The most cost-effective solution is to use an RTL-SDR with a Raspberry Pi. More advanced SDRs can also be used, but they require more processing power than what a Raspberry Pi can offer.

=== RTL-SDR: RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios===
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

== Advanced Software Defined Radios ==
(under construction)

==References==
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/rtlsdr4everyone-review-of-5-rtl-sdr-dongles/]
* [https://hackaday.com/2017/09/05/19-rtl-sdr-dongles-reviewed/]
* [https://www.rtl-sdr.com/review-airspy-vs-sdrplay-rsp-vs-hackrf/]

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-16T14:13:22Z

WA4OSH: /* RTL-SDR */ Depends on processor power

==RTL-SDR==
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

=== RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios===
These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work with Raspberry Pi 2 or greater:
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-15T14:45:07Z

WA4OSH: /* RTL-SDR */

==RTL-SDR==
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz. A metal enclosure with SMA connector is preferred. A stable TCXO (low ppm). HF coverage is optional.

=== RTL2832U & R820T2-Based Software Defined Radios===
These RTL-SDR "dongles" are known to work
* NooElec NESDR SMArt
* RTL-SDR Blog R820T2 RTL2832U
* Full band UV HF RTL-SDR USB Tuner Receiver

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-15T10:56:39Z

WA4OSH: /* SDR */

==RTL-SDR==
SatNOGS uses the RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips -- the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz.

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-15T10:54:09Z

WA4OSH:

==SDR==
SatNOGS uses the R820T RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips, the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz.

==HW Radio==
The stack allows the use of other receivers as well (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Software Defined Radio

2018-06-15T10:53:12Z

WA4OSH: /* SDR */

==SDR==
SatNOGS uses the R820T RTL-SDR as the default signal receiver and tuner. The RTL-SDR is based on two chips, the versatile [http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/productsView.aspx?Langid=1&PFid=35&Level=4&Conn=3&ProdID=257 RTL2832U chip] and the [https://rtl-sdr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/R820T_datasheet-Non_R-20111130_unlocked.pdf R820T tuner]. The RTL-SDR is currently the cheapest, most common, and most performing solution available in terms of general sensitivity having a frequency range of 24 – 1766 MHz.

The stack allows the use of other receivers too (like amateur radio transceivers) through rigctld (part of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ Ham Lib project]).

==HW Radio==

[https://community.libre.space/t/is-it-possible-to-use-standard-amateur-radios-like-icom-9100/1310 This thread] discusses the possibility of using standard amateur radios. In general:

* You should be able to use any rotator supported by [https://sourceforge.net/p/hamlib/wiki/Hamlib/ hamlib]

* Gpredict support for your radio will make things much easier

* The satellites you'll be able to decode may be limited; filters have been developed for RTL-SDR, and won't be available for your radio.

Ground Stations

2018-06-11T11:21:16Z

WA4OSH: /* Receiver */

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna. The choice of antenna will impact the performance and complexity of the ground station.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Radio|radio page]].

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Ground Stations

2018-06-11T11:20:54Z

WA4OSH: /* Receiver */

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna. The choice of antenna will impact the performance and complexity of the ground station.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Radio|radio page]]

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Ground Stations

2018-06-11T11:08:15Z

WA4OSH: /* Antenna */

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna. The choice of antenna will impact the performance and complexity of the ground station.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Ground Stations

2018-06-11T11:07:54Z

WA4OSH: /* Receiver */

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna. The choice of antenna will impact the performance and complexity of the ground station.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Satellite specific telemetry decoders

2018-06-10T15:30:50Z

WA4OSH:

Work in progress.

Collecting references to Satellite Specific Decoders here.

== English ==

== German ==
http://www.dk3wn.info/software.shtml

Satellite specific telemetry decoders

2018-06-10T15:27:33Z

WA4OSH: Initial creation

Work in progress.

Collecting references to Satellite Specific Decoders here.

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-10T15:26:21Z

WA4OSH: /* Built-in demodulators */

There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats. There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.

== Built-in demodulators ==
[[File:SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png]]

Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:

* [[APT]] (Automatic Picture Transmission)
* [[AFSK]] 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
* AX.25 (Amateur Radio adaptation of X.25 packet protocol)
* [[CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
* [[DUV]] (Data Under Voice)
* [[GFSK]] 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[FSK]] 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[LRPT]] (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)

== External demodulator/decoders ==
If for some reason, the above built-in decoders are not doing enough, there are many [[Satellite specific telemetry decoders]]. Also, there are more generic decoders listed below.

== SoX - Sound eXchange ==
SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).

SoX supports demodulating the following modes:
* [[SoX_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

=== References ===
* Chris Bagwell SoX − Sound eXchange http://sox.sourceforge.net/sox.html

== Fldigi in audio playback mode ==
Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.

* [[Fldigi_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

== FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites ==
[[FoxTelem]] currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:
* AO-85 (Fox-1A)
* AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
* AO-92 (Fox1-D)
* Fox-1Cliff, and
* Fox-1E.

=== References ===
* AC2CZ FoxTelem - AMSAT Ground Station Software http://www.g0kla.com/foxtelem/

== multimon-ng ==

Multimon-ng is a general purpose decoder. It can take wav or raw files and decode
a variety of modes among which: CW, AFSK, FSK...

=== How to ===
First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file: 
sox file.ogg -r 22050 file.raw gain 6 
The gain is in dB and has a considerable impact on the decoding
in the special case of CW. You have to adjust gain to get proper decoding.

Then you must apply on the raw file the proper decoder: 
multimon-ng -a MORSE_CW -t raw file.raw

=== References ===
* Elia Oenal Multimon-ng https://github.com/EliasOenal/multimon-ng

== Scholarly Articles ==

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-10T15:18:01Z

WA4OSH: /* multimon-ng */

There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats. There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.

== Built-in demodulators ==
[[File:SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png]]

Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:

* [[APT]] (Automatic Picture Transmission)
* [[AFSK]] 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
* [[DUV]] (Data Under Voice)
* [[GFSK]] 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[FSK]] 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[LRPT]] (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)

== SoX - Sound eXchange ==
SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).

SoX supports demodulating the following modes:
* [[SoX_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

=== References ===
* Chris Bagwell SoX − Sound eXchange http://sox.sourceforge.net/sox.html

== Fldigi in audio playback mode ==
Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.

* [[Fldigi_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

== FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites ==
[[FoxTelem]] currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:
* AO-85 (Fox-1A)
* AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
* AO-92 (Fox1-D)
* Fox-1Cliff, and
* Fox-1E.

=== References ===
* AC2CZ FoxTelem - AMSAT Ground Station Software http://www.g0kla.com/foxtelem/

== multimon-ng ==

Multimon-ng is a general purpose decoder. It can take wav or raw files and decode
a variety of modes among which: CW, AFSK, FSK...

=== How to ===
First you have to use sox to convert ogg files from SatNOGS download to 22050Hz raw file: 
sox file.ogg -r 22050 file.raw gain 6 
The gain is in dB and has a considerable impact on the decoding
in the special case of CW. You have to adjust gain to get proper decoding.

Then you must apply on the raw file the proper decoder: 
multimon-ng -a MORSE_CW -t raw file.raw

=== References ===
* Elia Oenal Multimon-ng https://github.com/EliasOenal/multimon-ng

== Scholarly Articles ==

SoX CW

2018-06-09T16:03:43Z

WA4OSH: Initial creation, saving message from FXH71

<nowiki>Hi Konrad,

here is what I get with sox/multimod-ng, after some error & try on the gain

SHY NEU NNNM9/08/2407:<.....><.___....>:00 609/<___.><......>E IT<.....>7<......>42:00 <.__........>9/08/2407:42:00 609/08/2407:42:00 609/08/2407:42:00 609/08/2407:4:075 DI 09/08/2407:42:00 609/08/2407:42:00 609/08/2407:42:00 609/0<..__>T<ERR6><....>V<....__.><........>I E E WEL<......._.>X&ETE TMNAK RVR E T E I E E E I E R FN I

I think almost all "E" are spurious being the shortest letter in CW.

May be we could make a common page as the start is almost the same.</nowiki>

File:FldigiCW156704.png

2018-06-09T15:58:02Z

WA4OSH: WA4OSH uploaded a new version of File:FldigiCW156704.png

In this example, Fldigi is being used to decode the CW beacon from the 33499 - KKS-1 satellite. The center frequency is set for 800Hz and the morse code rate set around 15 +/- 2 WPM.

(cc) Konrad Roeder, WA4OSH

Talk:Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T12:58:15Z

WA4OSH: /* Satellite Modes */

== Satellite Modes ==
Satnogs supports a whole list of satellite modes, but only has demodulators for a subset of these.

https://db.satnogs.org/api/modes/

[[User:WA4OSH| WA4OSH]] [[User talk:WA4OSH|talk]] 02:28, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

== GNU Radio Modules ==
* afsk1200_ax25.grc
* apt_demod.grc
* ax25_transceiver_qt.grc
* bpsk_demod.grc
* cw_decoder.grc
* fm_demod.grc
* fsk9600_ax25.grc
* fsk9600_g3ruh_ax25.grc
* generic_iq_receiver.grc

User talk:SaintAardvark

2018-06-09T12:46:51Z

WA4OSH:

SaintAardvark,
I did an edit of the [[Ground_Stations]] article. Hope you like it. [[User:WA4OSH| WA4OSH]] [[User talk:WA4OSH|talk]] 12:44, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

User talk:SaintAardvark

2018-06-09T12:45:58Z

WA4OSH:

SaintAardvark,
I did an edit of the [[Ground_Station]] article. Hope you like it. [[User:WA4OSH| WA4OSH]] [[User talk:WA4OSH|talk]] 12:44, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

User talk:SaintAardvark

2018-06-09T12:44:44Z

WA4OSH: Created page with "SaintAardvark, I did an edit of the Ground Station article. Hope you like it. ~~~~"

SaintAardvark,
I did an edit of the [[Ground Station]] article. Hope you like it. [[User:WA4OSH| WA4OSH]] [[User talk:WA4OSH|talk]] 12:44, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

Ground Stations

2018-06-09T12:41:51Z

WA4OSH:

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna. The choice of antenna will impact the performance and complexity of the ground station.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Ground Stations

2018-06-09T12:39:42Z

WA4OSH: Further organization ... looks nice now

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals. A SatNOGS ground station has two components - a receiver and an antenna.

== Receiver ==
Typically, the receiver consists of an RTL-SDR dongle and a Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi has an Internet connection to the SatNOGS network. The RTL-SDR dongle connects to the antenna. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground stations can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

Ground Stations

2018-06-09T12:28:35Z

WA4OSH: /* Types of ground stations */ Edit for clarity

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals.

== Types of ground stations ==
Ground can be grouped into ones with movable antennas and ones with static antennas.

Ground stations with movable antennas point one or more directional antennas towards the satellite and tracks them as they cross the sky. Either a commercial or SatNOGS type rotator can be used to move the antenna(s). More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for static antenna ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

== Receiver ==
A ground station also needs a receiver. The RTL-SDR dongle is typically used as a receiver, and the Raspberry Pi is the integration between the ground station and SatNOGS network. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
A receiver is connected to an antenna or antennas. The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

This wiki will focus on the SatNOGS ground station but it is worth noting that commercial rotators and commercial receivers have been used in some instances.

Ground Stations

2018-06-09T12:15:45Z

WA4OSH: minor edit, beautification

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is defined as a terrestrial radio station designed for extra planetary telecommunication with spacecraft. It can be thought of as a constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system.

For the SatNOGS project a ground station is a combination of hardware and software used to receive satellite signals.

== Types of ground stations ==
There are different types of ground stations but they can be grouped into one of two forms, either one with movable antennas or one with static antennas. A ground station with movable antennas makes use of multiple antennas that a rotator points towards and tracks satellites. The rotator can either be a commercial or SatNOGS type. More information can be found on the [[Rotators|rotators page]].

SatNOGS also makes provision for non-rotator ground stations. These are typically simpler and rely on no moving parts but require an antenna that has a broad view of the sky. Typical installations tend to work well with higher passes but will struggle to achieve successful observations when satellites pass lower to the horizon.

== Receiver ==
A ground station also needs a receiver. The RTL-SDR dongle is typically used as a receiver, and the Raspberry Pi is the integration between the ground station and SatNOGS network. Further information can be found in the [[Receiver|receivers page]]

== Antenna ==
A receiver is connected to an antenna or antennas. The type of antenna used depends on the ground station. Different satellites will have different uplinks and downlinks and the choice of antenna will affect the observation. See the [[Antennas|Antennas page]] for typical ground station set ups.

This wiki will focus on the SatNOGS ground station but it is worth noting that commercial rotators and commercial receivers have been used in some instances.

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T12:06:02Z

WA4OSH: /* Scholarly Articles */

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T12:05:10Z

WA4OSH: /* References */ Added Scholarly Articles section ..

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T11:53:00Z

WA4OSH: /* References */

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T11:52:13Z

WA4OSH: /* References */ minor edit

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T11:49:24Z

WA4OSH: /* FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites */ References

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T11:46:16Z

WA4OSH: /* SoX - Sound eXchange */

Decode Telemetry and Packets

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WA4OSH: /* Built-in demodulators */ again

Decode Telemetry and Packets

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WA4OSH: Moved picture

There are several tools available to decode telemetry and packets. SatNOGS provides some built-in demodulators for various data formats. There are also additional tools that allow you the decoding of telemetry.

== Built-in demodulators ==
Although the SatNOGS servers support many satellites with many modes, only the following modes are supported with built-in demodulators:

* [[APT]] (Automatic Picture Transmission)
* [[AFSK]] 1k2 (Audio Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)
* [[DUV]] (Data Under Voice)
* [[GFSK]] 9k6 (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[FSK]] 9k6 (Frequency Shift Keying)
* [[LRPT]] (Low Resolution Picture Transmission)

[[File:SatNOGS-Observation-Data.png]]

== SoX - Sound eXchange ==
SoX is the Swiss Army knife of sound processing programs. SoX is cross-platform and is available for many operating systems (Windows, Linux, MacOS X, etc.).

SoX supports demodulating the following modes:
* [[SoX_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

== Fldigi in audio playback mode ==
Fldigi can be used to decode a variety of data modes.

* [[Fldigi_CW|CW]] (Continuous Wave, Morse Code)

== FoxTelem for FOX1 series satellites ==
[[FoxTelem]] currently supports decoding DUV telemetry the following satellites:
* AO-85 (Fox-1A)
* AO-91 (Radfxsat / Fox1-B)
* AO-92 (Fox1-D)
* Fox-1Cliff, and
* Fox-1E.

Decode Telemetry and Packets

2018-06-09T11:14:59Z

WA4OSH: /* Built-in demodulators */ adding SoX

Fldigi CW

2018-06-09T06:36:32Z

WA4OSH: /* How to */

In this example, Fldigi is being used to decode the CW beacon from the 33499 - KKS-1 satellite. The center frequency is set for 800Hz and the morse code rate set around 15 +/- 2 WPM.

[[File:FldigiCW156704.png]]

== How to ==
* Download the .ogg file from the observation. The downloaded file will have a filename that looks like this: satnogs_ObservationNumber_YYYY-MM-DD-SomeMoreStuff.ogg
* Convert the captured .ogg audio file to .wav. On a Linux command line, the conversion looks like this:
<pre>
$sox satnogs_ObservationNumber_YYYY-MM-DD-SomeMoreStuff.ogg ObservationAudio.wav
</pre>
* Launch Fldigi
* Click on File, Audio, Playback. Then select the .wav file.
* Set Op Mode to CW
* Adjust the center frequency to where the CW signal appears on the waterfall display.
* Configure modems, CW, General. Set the BW and WPM to match the signal you want to decode. Save, close.

Fldigi CW

2018-06-09T06:34:44Z

WA4OSH: /* How to */

In this example, Fldigi is being used to decode the CW beacon from the 33499 - KKS-1 satellite. The center frequency is set for 800Hz and the morse code rate set around 15 +/- 2 WPM.

[[File:FldigiCW156704.png]]

== How to ==

* Convert the captured .ogg audio file to .wav. On a Linux command line, the conversion looks like this:
<pre>
$sox satnogs_ObservationNumber_YYYY-MM-DD-SomeMoreStuff.ogg ObservationAudio.wav
</pre>
* Launch Fldigi
* Click on File, Audio, Playback. Then select the .wav file.
* Set Op Mode to CW
* Adjust the center frequency to where the CW signal appears on the waterfall display.
* Configure modems, CW, General. Set the BW and WPM to match the signal you want to decode. Save, close.